Abubuwan panel na Photovoltaic sune na'urar samar da wutar lantarki wanda ke haifar da halin yanzu kai tsaye lokacin da aka fallasa su zuwa hasken rana, kuma ya ƙunshi ƙwanƙwaran ƙwanƙwaran ƙwanƙwaran hoto kusan gaba ɗaya an yi su da kayan semiconductor kamar silicon.
Tun da babu sassa masu motsi, ana iya sarrafa shi na dogon lokaci ba tare da haifar da lalacewa ba. Sauƙaƙan sel na hotovoltaic na iya kunna agogo da kwamfutoci, yayin da ƙarin hadaddun tsarin photovoltaic na iya ba da haske ga gidaje da grid ɗin wuta. Za a iya yin taro na hoto na hoto a cikin nau'i daban-daban, kuma ana iya haɗa majalisa don samar da karin wutar lantarki. Ana amfani da abubuwan da aka gyara na hotovoltaic akan rufin rufin da saman gini, har ma ana amfani da su azaman ɓangaren tagogi, hasken sama ko na'urorin inuwa. Ana kiran waɗannan abubuwan shigarwa na hoto a matsayin tsarin haɗin ginin da aka haɗe.
Kwayoyin Rana:
Monocrystalline silicon Solar Kwayoyin
Ingantacciyar jujjuyawar photoelectric monocrystalline silicon solar cell shine kusan 15%, kuma mafi girman shine 24%, wanda shine mafi girman ingancin canjin photoelectric na kowane nau'in sel na hasken rana a halin yanzu, amma farashin samarwa yana da yawa wanda ba za a iya amfani da shi sosai ba. kuma yadu amfani. Yawanci amfani. Tunda silicon monocrystalline gabaɗaya an lulluɓe shi da gilashin zafi da guduro mai hana ruwa, yana da ƙarfi kuma mai dorewa, kuma rayuwar sabis ɗin gabaɗaya har zuwa shekaru 15, har zuwa shekaru 25.
Polycrystalline silicon Solar Kwayoyin
Tsarin samar da sel na hasken rana na polycrystalline silicon yana kama da na monocrystalline silicon solar sel, amma ingancin canjin hoto na polycrystalline silicon solar cell yana da ƙasa kaɗan. Kwayoyin hasken rana na polycrystalline silicon mafi inganci a duniya). Dangane da farashin samarwa, yana da rahusa fiye da ƙwayoyin hasken rana na silicon monocrystalline, kayan yana da sauƙi don kera, ana adana amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma jimlar farashin samarwa ya ragu, don haka an haɓaka shi sosai. Bugu da ƙari, rayuwar sabis na ƙwayoyin hasken rana na polycrystalline silicon ma ya fi guntu fiye da na sel silicon monocrystalline. Dangane da aikin farashi, ƙwayoyin hasken rana na silicon monocrystalline sun ɗan fi kyau.
Amorphous silicon hasken rana Kwayoyin
Amorphous silicon solar cell wani sabon nau'in sirin-fim na hasken rana wanda ya bayyana a cikin 1976. Ya bambanta da tsarin samar da siliki monocrystalline da polycrystalline silicon solar cell. An sauƙaƙe tsarin sosai, yawan amfani da kayan silicon yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kuma amfani da wutar lantarki ya ragu. Amfanin shi ne cewa zai iya samar da wutar lantarki ko da a cikin ƙananan haske. Duk da haka, babban matsalar amorphous silicon hasken rana Kwayoyin shi ne cewa photoelectric canji yadda ya dace ya yi ƙasa, da kasa da kasa ci-gaba matakin ne game da 10%, kuma shi ne ba barga isa. Tare da tsawaita lokacin, ƙarfin jujjuyawar sa yana raguwa.
Kwayoyin hasken rana da yawa
Kwayoyin hasken rana da yawa suna nufin ƙwayoyin hasken rana waɗanda ba a yi su da kayan semiconductor guda ɗaya ba. Akwai nau'ikan bincike da yawa a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban, yawancin waɗanda ba su da masana'antu, galibi sun haɗa da: a) cadmium sulfide solar cell b) gallium arsenide solar cell c) jan ƙarfe indium selenide solar cell (sabon multi bandgap gradient Cu. (In, Ga) Se2 bakin ciki fim na hasken rana)
Siffofin:
Yana da babban ingancin juyawa na photoelectric da babban abin dogaro; fasahar watsawa ta ci gaba tana tabbatar da daidaiton ingantaccen juzu'i cikin guntu; yana tabbatar da ingancin wutar lantarki mai kyau, abin dogara da mannewa da ingantaccen solderability na lantarki; high-madaidaici waya raga The buga graphics da high flatness sa baturi sauki waldi da Laser yanke.
tsarin hasken rana
1. Laminate
2. Aluminum alloy yana kare laminate kuma yana taka rawa wajen rufewa da tallafawa
3. Junction Akwatin Yana kare dukkan tsarin samar da wutar lantarki kuma yana aiki azaman tashar canja wuri na yanzu. Idan abin ya kasance gajere ne, akwatin junction zai cire haɗin igiyar batir na gajeren lokaci ta atomatik don hana gaba dayan tsarin daga ƙonewa. Abu mafi mahimmanci a cikin akwatin junction shine zaɓi na diodes. Dangane da nau'in sel a cikin tsarin, diode masu dacewa suma sun bambanta.
4. Silicone sealing function, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don rufe haɗin gwiwa tsakanin sashi da firam ɗin alloy na aluminium, ɓangaren da akwatin junction. Wasu kamfanoni suna amfani da tef ɗin manne mai gefe biyu da kumfa don maye gurbin silica gel. Ana amfani da silicone sosai a China. Tsarin yana da sauƙi, dacewa, mai sauƙin aiki, kuma mai tsada. kadan.
laminate tsarin
1. Gilashin zafin jiki: aikinsa shine kare babban tsarin samar da wutar lantarki (kamar baturi), ana buƙatar zaɓin watsa haske, kuma adadin watsa hasken dole ne ya kasance mai girma (gaba ɗaya fiye da 91%); matsananci-fararen fushi magani.
2. EVA: Ana amfani da ita don haɗawa da kuma gyara gilashin mai zafi da kuma babban tsarin samar da wutar lantarki (kamar batura). Ingancin kayan EVA mai bayyanawa kai tsaye yana shafar rayuwar ƙirar. EVA da aka fallasa zuwa iska yana da sauƙin tsufa kuma ya juya launin rawaya, don haka yana shafar watsa haske na module. Baya ga ingancin EVA kanta, tsarin lamination na masu kera kayayyaki shima yana da tasiri sosai. Misali, danko na EVA adhesive bai kai daidai ba, kuma karfin haɗin gwiwar EVA zuwa gilashin zafin jiki da jirgin baya bai isa ba, wanda zai sa EVA ta kasance da wuri. Tsufa yana shafar rayuwar bangaren.
3. Babban tsarin samar da wutar lantarki: Babban aikin shine samar da wutar lantarki. Babban babban kasuwar samar da wutar lantarki shine sel siliki na siliki na siliki da sel na fim na bakin ciki. Dukansu suna da nasu amfani da rashin amfani. Kudin guntu yana da yawa, amma ingancin canjin photoelectric shima yana da yawa. Ya fi dacewa da siriri-fim hasken rana sel don samar da wutar lantarki a cikin hasken rana na waje. Farashin kayan aikin dangi yana da yawa, amma amfani da farashin baturi suna da ƙasa sosai, amma ingancin canjin hoto ya fi rabin adadin siliki na crystalline. Amma ƙarancin haske yana da kyau sosai, kuma yana iya samar da wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin haske na yau da kullun.
4. Abubuwan da ke cikin jirgin baya, rufewa, rufewa da ruwa (yawanci TPT, TPE, da dai sauransu) dole ne su kasance masu tsayayya ga tsufa. Yawancin masana'antun kayan aikin suna da garanti na shekaru 25. Gilashin zafin jiki da aluminium alloy gabaɗaya suna da kyau. Makullin ya ta'allaka ne a baya. Ko allon da silica gel na iya biyan bukatun. Shirya mahimman buƙatun wannan sakin layi na 1. Zai iya samar da isasshen ƙarfin injiniya, don haka tsarin hasken rana zai iya jure wa damuwa da tasiri, rawar jiki, da dai sauransu yayin sufuri, shigarwa da amfani, kuma zai iya tsayayya da danna karfi na ƙanƙara. ; 2. Yana da kyau 3. Yana da kyakkyawan aikin rufin lantarki; 4. Yana da karfi anti-ultraviolet ikon; 5. An tsara ƙarfin aiki da ƙarfin fitarwa bisa ga buƙatu daban-daban. Samar da hanyoyin sadarwa iri-iri don saduwa da nau'ikan ƙarfin lantarki, halin yanzu da buƙatun fitarwa;
5. Rashin haɓakar haɓakar da ke haifar da haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin hasken rana a cikin jerin da layi daya kadan ne;
6. Haɗin ƙwayoyin hasken rana abin dogara ne;
7. Rayuwar aiki mai tsawo, buƙatar kayan aikin hasken rana da za a yi amfani da su fiye da shekaru 20 a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi;
8. A ƙarƙashin sharuɗɗan da aka ambata a sama, farashin marufi ya kamata ya zama ƙasa kaɗan.
Lissafin wutar lantarki:
Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na AC na hasken rana yana kunshe da bangarorin hasken rana, masu kula da caji, inverters da batura; tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana DC ba ya haɗa da inverter. Domin ba da damar tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana don samar da isasshen wutar lantarki don kaya, ya zama dole a zabi kowane bangare bisa ga ikon na'urar lantarki. Ɗauki ƙarfin fitarwa na 100W kuma yi amfani da shi tsawon sa'o'i 6 a rana a matsayin misali don gabatar da hanyar lissafi:
1. Da farko lissafin watt-hours cinyewa kowace rana (ciki har da asarar inverter):
Idan ingantaccen juzu'i na inverter shine 90%, lokacin da ƙarfin fitarwa shine 100W, ainihin ƙarfin fitarwa da ake buƙata yakamata ya zama 100W/90%=111W; idan aka yi amfani da shi na tsawon sa'o'i 5 a rana, yawan wutar lantarki shine 111W*5 hours = 555Wh.
2. Lissafin hasken rana:
Dangane da tasirin hasken rana na yau da kullun na sa'o'i 6, da la'akari da ingancin caji da asarar yayin aiwatar da caji, ikon fitarwa na hasken rana yakamata ya zama 555Wh/6h/70%=130W. Daga cikin su, 70% shine ainihin wutar lantarki da hasken rana ke amfani da shi yayin aikin caji.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-09-2022
